Munich Olympic Massacre Aftermath

The 2012 London Olympics marked the 40th anniversary of the tragic massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich games. An international calamity, the murder of the athletes by the Palestinian extremist Black September group on September 5, 1972, naturally spurred increased security measures at all subsequent Olympic games. The incident also forced the United States federal government, especially the State Department, to modernize the way it handles diplomatic security. Black September Attack At 4 a.m. September 5, eight Palestinian terrorists broke into the Olympic village building where the Israeli team stayed. As they attempted to take the team hostage, a fight broke out. The terrorists killed two athletes, then took nine others hostage. A globally televised standoff ensued, with the terrorists demanding the release of more than 230 political prisoners in Israel and Germany. Germany insisted on handling the crisis. Germany had not hosted the Olympics since the 1936 Berlin games, in which Adolf Hitler tried to showcase German superiority in the pre-World War II years. West Germany saw the 1972 games as a chance to show the world it had lived down its Nazi past. The terrorist attack on Israeli Jews, of course, stabbed right at the heart of German history, since Nazis have perpetrated the extermination of some six million Jews during the Holocaust. (In fact, the infamous Dachau concentration camp sat about 10 miles from Munich.) German police, with little training in counter-terrorism, botched their rescue attempts. Terrorists learned via TV reporting of a German attempt to rush the Olympic village. An attempt to take them at a nearby airport where the terrorists believed they had passage out of the country, collapsed into a firefight. When it was over, all the athletes were dead. Changes in U.S. Readiness The Munich massacre prompted obvious changes in Olympic venue security. No longer would it be easy for intruders to hop two-meter fences and stroll unchallenged into athletes apartments. But the terror attack also changed security measures on a more subtle scale. The U.S. State Departments Bureau for Diplomatic Security reports that the Munich Olympics, along with other high-profile terrorist incidents in the late 1960s and early 1970s, caused the bureau (then known as the Office of Security, or SY) to reevaluate how it protects American diplomats, emissaries, and other representatives abroad. The bureau reports that Munich caused three major changes in how the U.S. handles diplomatic security. The massacre: Put diplomatic security in the forefront of U.S. foreign policy concerns;Changed SYs focus from background checks and evaluations to committing the personnel and technology necessary to combat terror;Put the State Department, White House, and Congress all in the diplomatic security policy-making process. Executive Measures U.S. President Richard Nixon also made executive changes to Americas terror preparedness. Foretelling the post-9/11 administrative reorganizations, Nixon ordered that U.S. intelligence agencies cooperate more effectively with each other and foreign agencies to share information regarding terrorists, and he created a new cabinet-level committee on terrorism, headed by Secretary of State William P. Rogers. In measures that seem quaint by today s standards, Rogers ordered that all foreign visitors to the U.S. carry visas, that visa applications be closely screened, and lists of suspicious persons -- code-named for secrecy -- be submitted to federal intelligence agencies. Congress authorized the president to cut U.S. air service to countries that aided hijackers  and made attacks against foreign diplomats on American soil a federal offense. Shortly after the Munich attack, Rogers addressed the United Nations and -- in another tactic that presaged 9/11 -- made terrorism global concern, not just that of a few nations.  The issue is not war...[or] the strivings of people to achieve self-determination and independence, Rogers said, it is whether the vulnerable lines of international communication...can continue, without disruption, to bring nations and peoples together.

Rhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Speech - 860 Words

On March 4, 1865 Abraham Lincoln addressed the American populous for a second time, in what was known as his second inaugural address, marking his second term in presidency, and his second address attending to a divided and strained nation. As the Civil War marched closer to resolution the American populous wished for someone or something to blame: A target to vent the pains of the nation’s conflict, yet instead of condemnation of either side Lincoln offered the concept of inclusion: neither wished for and was responsible for the war, ergo both were liable for restoring it together, united as one nation instead of two. Throughout the speech Lincoln’s use of rhetorical strategies contribute to form his overall purpose of unification- that everyone is responsible for mending splintered country, and thus they must move on, together. Lincoln begins the second paragraph by stating, â€Å"All dreaded it, all sought to avoid it†¦but one of them would rather make war rat her than let the nation survive and the other would accept war rather than let it perish† By stating that both sides despised and feared the war, yet neither did anything to stop it Lincoln is simultaneously removing blame from both sides and stating both are obligated to help mend the broken nation; He paints the bloodshed as something that was unavoidable to begin with despite both sides best intentions, like when he states â€Å"†¦and the war came.† The aforementioned concept of making the war appear unstoppable despiteShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Speech939 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Four score and seven years ago†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the first six words of the famous speech given by Abraham Lincoln on November 19, 1863. 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Too Many with Chronic Kidney Disease in Malaysia - 2488 Words

In Malaysia, more than 12,000 chronic kidney disease patients who undergoing dialysis is on the waiting list for a kidney transplant. This is proven by the understanding, acceptance and community feedback on the message and awareness campaigns conducted various parties since long ago are still far from secure line. According to statistics from the National Transplant Resource Centre, until January 31, 2012, the number of actual organ donation recorded involving 361 individuals, while the organ donation pledge of 188.147 people. This shows that the country desperately needs an organ. According to Dr Rafidah one of the consultant nephrologists at the Selayang Hospital, even with the various media appearances such as print, broadcast, web sites and blogs, many people not only do not know the human can live a normal life with only one kidney depends, but they have a perception of the concept of organ donation from a religious. World Kidney Day, initiated by the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) and International Federation of Kidney Foundations (IFKF), is celebrated on 8 March globally. The 7th World Kidney Day year 2012 themed is â€Å"Donate Kidneys for Life Receive† and serves to raise awareness about our kidneys, highlight key risk factors of diabetes and high blood pressure, encourage preventive measures through kidney screening, transplantation and encourage organ donation. World Kidney Day 2012 at the National Level was launched at â€Å"Dataran Merdeka†, Kuala LumpurShow MoreRelatedA Short Note On Diabetes And Its Effect On The Health Of The People1743 Words   |  7 Pages Malaysia makes a criterion stint in a produced country and expects to obtain superior state rank by 2020. Among the dilemmas compared with the developed nations is the asymmetry in food intake and can harm the health of the people. 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Our candidate malaria vaccine is progressing through phase III trials in Africa. If all goes well, this will be the ï ¬ rst ever vaccine against malaria, with the potential to save the lives of millions of children and infants in Africa. We also announced

Marketing Spotlight Hsbc Swot Analysis Essay Example For Students

Marketing Spotlight Hsbc Swot Analysis Essay The Indian Hotels Company Limited (IHCL) and its subsidiaries are collectively known as Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces and is recognised as one of Asias largest and finest hotel company. Incorporated by the founder of the Tata Group, Mr. Jamsetji N. Tata, the company opened its first property, The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, Bombay in 1903. The Taj, a symbol of Indian hospitality, completed its centenary year in 2003. Taj Hotels Resort and Palaces comprises more than 60 hotels in 45 locations across India with an additional 15 international hotels in the Malaysia, United Kingdom, United States of America, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Africa, the Middle East and Australia. Spanning the length and breadth of the country, gracing important industrial towns and cities, beaches, hill stations, historical and pilgrim centres and wildlife destinations, each Taj hotel offers the luxury of service, the apogee of Indian hospitality, vantage locations, modern amenities and business facilities. IHCL operate in the luxury, premium, mid-market and value segments of the market through the following: Taj (luxury full-service hotels, resorts and palaces) is our flagship brand for the world’s most discerning travelers seeking authentic experiences given that luxury is a way of life to which they are accustomed. Spanning world-renowned landmarks, modern business hotels, idyllic beach resorts, authentic Rajput palaces and rustic safari lodges, each Taj hotel reinterprets the tradition of hospitality in a refreshingly modern way to create unique experiences and lifelong memories. Taj also encompasses a unique set of iconic properties rooted in history and tradition that deliver truly unforgettable experiences. A collection of outstanding properties with strong heritage as hotels or palaces which offer something more than great physical product and exceptional service. This group is defined by the emotional and unique equity of its iconic properties that are authentic, non- replicable with great potential to create memories and stories. Taj Exotica is our resort and spa brand found in the most exotic and relaxing locales of the world. The properties are defined by the privacy and intimacy they provide. The hotels are clearly differentiated by their product philosophy and service design. They are centered around high end accommodation, intimacy and an environment that allows its guest unrivalled comfort and privacy. They are defined by a sensibility of intimate design and by their varied and eclectic culinary experiences, impeccable service and authentic Indian Spa sanctuaries. Taj Safaris are wildlife lodges that allow travelers to experience the unparalleled beauty of the Indian jungle amidst luxurious surroundings. They offer India’s first and only wildlife luxury lodge circuit. Taj Safaris provide guests with the ultimate, interpretive, wild life experience based on a proven sustainable ecotourism model. Upper Upscale Hotels (full-service hotels and resorts) provide a new generation of travelers a contemporary and creative hospitality experience that matches their work-hard play-hard lifestyles. Stylish interiors, innovative cuisine, hip bars, and a focus on technology set these properties apart. The Gateway Hotel (upscale/mid-market full service hotels and resorts) is a pan-India network of hotels and resorts that offers business and leisure travelers a hotel designed, keeping the modern nomad in mind. At the Gateway Hotel, we believe in keeping things simple. This is why, our hotels are divided into 7 simple zones- Stay, Hangout, Meet, Work, Workout, Unwind and Explore. As travel often means more hassle than harmony, more stress than satisfaction, modern travelers are looking for smarter choices. Driven by our passion for perfection, we welcome our customers to a refreshingly enjoyable and hassle-free experience, anytime, everywhere. Offering the highest consistency in quality, service and style we set new standards and take the unwanted surprises out of traveling. Our warm welcomes make our guests feel at home, away from home and our crisp and courteous service empowers them to get more done with greater effectiveness and control. And through our unrivalled network we provide service that is effortless, simple, never overwhelming, always warm. Ginger (economy hotels) is IHCL’s revolutionary concept in hospitality for the value segment. Intelligently designed facilities, consistency and affordability are hallmarks of this brand targeted at travelers who value simplicity and self-service. Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces is committed to replicate its domestic success onto international shores with plans to build an international network of luxury hotels, which will provide an exemplary product-service combination and in the process create a global brand. The current international portfolio includes luxury resorts in the Indian Ocean, business and resort destinations in the Middle East and Africa, serviced apartments in the UK, the first hotel in Australia and three a top-end luxury hotels in the US. Throughout the Company’s expansion, its mandate has been twofold: to infuse a sense of Indian heritage and culture within each diverse property, while also anticipating the needs and desires of the sophisticated traveller. Over the years, the Taj has won international acclaim for its quality hotels and its excellence in business facilities, services, cuisine and interiors. The Taj strengthened its presence in the Indian Ocean rim with the Exotica Brand. The Taj Exotica was evolved as part of Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces intent to position it as a brand that is clearly differentiated by its product philosophy and service design. The Taj Exotica Resort and Spa, in Maldives is centered on high-end accommodation, intimacy and an environment that allows its guest’s unrivalled comfort and privacy. Taj Hotels further expanded its global footprint by securing management contracts at Palm Island, Jumeirah in Dubai, Saraya Islands in Ras Al Khaimah, Aldar Group in Abu Dhabi, UAE Langkawi in Malaysia and Thimpu in Bhutan. The most significant additions to the portfolio have been The Pierre, the iconic landmark hotel on New Yorks Fifth Avenue, Taj Boston and Blue, Sydney. The presence of Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces internationally has been developed through a network of Taj regional sales and PR offices in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Dubai, Singapore, Australia, Japan, Russia and the United States of America. At the Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces luxurious living and fine dining find common ground. Whether it is introducing exotic world cuisines to India or taking authentic Indian fare to the world, the Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces is renowned for the eclectic culinary experiences it brings to its guests. Through a vast repertoire of award-winning restaurants, legendary recipes from royal kitchens and celebrated food festivals, the Taj has pioneered innovation in fine dining across the world. Taj Hotels also promise a whole new experience of tranquillity and total ‘wellness’, through Jiva Spas a unique concept, which brings together the wisdom and heritage of the Asian and Indian Philosophy of Wellness and Well-being. Rooted in ancient Indian healing knowledge, Jiva Spas derive inspiration and spirit from the holistic concept of living. There is a rich basket of fresh and unique experiences under the Jiva Spa umbrella of offering, Yoga and Meditation, mastered and disseminated by accomplished practitioners, authentic Ayurveda, and unique Taj signature treatments. Royal traditions of wellness in service experiences, holistic treatments involving body therapies, enlivening and meaningful rituals and ceremonies and unique natural products blended by hand, come together to offer a truly calming experience. Preparation of 1-Bromobutane from 1-Butanol by Sn2 Reaction EssayPioneers In the early seventies came the Lake Palace in Jaipur. The company pioneered the concept of conversion of century-old palaces into hotels. Today this has become an USP of the Taj group. In the mid 1970’s the chain expanded to Chennai (Taj Coromandel and the Fisherman’s Cove) and Fort Aguada at Goa. Here too, Taj scored over the others with it’s timing. At that time, Goa was not as much of a tourist’s paradise that I it became later on. Around the same time it set up the Taj Ganges in Benares and started international flight kitchens too. More hotels In the 1980’s, two more hotels were built in Delhi, two in Bangalore, and one each in Chennai, Ooty and Agra. Next came the Jaimahal Palace Hotel in Jaipur as well as the New Delhi Flight Kitchen. The new hotels were build taking the original Taj as the model hotel. The end of the decade saw the coming up of the Taj at Delhi. The last marked the start of an ethnic style in hotels with international standards. By this time, it appeared that nothing could held the phenomenal growth of the Taj. Turbulent times However, cracks had become evident as the recession loomed large over the Indian economy. Excess capacity made some of the ventures unprofitable, specially overseas ones. Lack of transparency The new management also realised, to its dismay that there was a clear lack of transparency. The organisational structure had become almost feudal with 49 general managers reporting directly to the chief executive, without any interaction amongst themselves. The Taj had to change the way it viewed the world – if it wanted to remain a market leader. Research As far back as the early nineties, it was realised that formal market research was a must to help understand the consumer better. It did not think that data from research agencies such as the airline and the travel industry were enough. The Group carried out extensive research to understand current lifestyles. The research attempted to discover whether the future customer would be more egalitarian, more democratic or would she want to be pampered? The findings revealed that she would like exclusivity more than anything else. On the other, research also indicated that the company’s existing customers base of traditionalists – those who liked the Taj because it was understated yet classy – was shrinking. Something had to done to keep up the growth graph. Positioning The Taj marked out three separate entities for the Taj Group: Business, Leisure and Luxury. Though the concept of these sub-brands had come into existence earlier, in the mid nineties, it was in 1999-2000, that the hotels became operationally different. Which meant that though the heads of these three divisions sat at head office, their ‘territory’ is scattered geographically, according to which type of hotel they look after. Strategy A higher emphasis was placed on the business segment as the profits are higher (this market being less price-sensitive) as compared to the luxury segment). There was a proliferation of the Taj Presidency hotels not only in new cities, but also smaller towns. The group also kept looking at new opportunities. ‘The action plan is more opportunities, adding to and complementing the brand,’ says Krishnakumar. More changes There were other changes. Consolidation. Unprofitable ventures were hived of. The sales and marketing functions were separated. The HRD department modernized, with an emphasis on performance and career and succession planning. The organisation was made to flatter and more compact. Moreover, a continual benchmarking against international standards was made part and parcel of the culture of the Taj. Major renovation By the mid 1990’s, renovation was in full swing. Units across the country were refurbished. It meant ripping out entire floors. Rooms were revamped, business centres rebuilt. More than a hundred million dollars were reportedly spend for renovation – just in the lifestyle (luxury segment)! Since the business segment was slated to be become big (and those using it were likely to be non-traditionalists), the Taj went ostentatious with it’s new business floors. It meant putting in optic fiber cabling, remote control systems and giving the business guy a lounge where he could relax and even have breakfast. It included a min-business centre. In the process, some mistakes did happen. For instance it was thought a mini-gym on the floor would be a convenience. But this had to be dropped after a few years due to disuse. Initially, fax machines ere installed in the room. They had to go with the advent of the internet and laptops. Other innovations have happened too. It was found that telephone usage was dropping because of the advent of mobile phones. Not only were mobiles provided on hire, the Taj also dropped communication charges by 33 per cent. Advertising It was only when the product was ready, was a major advertising campaign developed. Earlier, advertising had been restricted to the major feeder markets: the US, UK, Germany, Singapore and Hong Kong. And the advertising emphasised the hardware aspect of the hotel. The new campaign developed a specific brand identity for the hotel. Though the Taj had high unaided recall, it launched a corporate campaign to reinforce this new identity. The ad (made by Rediffusion) shows the enigmatic woman who stands for both hospitality and efficiency. The identity was developed after extensive research on the consumer’s attitudes towards the Taj. Over 60 in-depth interviews were conducted by client and agency. The parameters? Not quantity, but quality. The things done right. The quality of check-in, the smile, the greeting or the welcome drink. The insights gathered were analysed and a clear slot, which the Taj could occupy when global competition arrived, emerged. This was translated into creating a distinct personality of the Taj as caring, efficient and enigmatic. The line went: ‘She is the Taj,’ The base line was ‘Nobody cares as much. ’ Success Other hotels’ room occupancies plunged to as low as 37 % during the recession and average room occupany rates across all hotels were approximately 50 per cent. The Taj maintained a far higher average and continued to grow and expand. Slowly the hotel became more profitable than it had ever been. The reason is clear. It never slept. (This article was published in the Advertising and Marketing (AM) Magazine under the title: The Crown’s Subjects. The photograph is taken by me and copyrighted)

Natural Mystic free essay sample

Bob Marley was one of the most influential artists of our time, and Natural Mystic is the finest compilation CD of his work. It is music that cant be classified as just reggae. It smashes all categories of music as we know it. It isnt music intended for one social class or society. Anyone who likes music will love Natural Mystic. He used his religious beliefs and musical talent to spread his message of unity. Marley attempted to show what life was like in a third-world country through his music. He served as an icon not only for his home country of Jamaica but for all other countries still fighting for their freedom. Marley was a figurehead for all who had felt the wrath of political persecution. He sings of oppression of his people in songs like Crazy Baldheads. He tells the world how Europeans stripped his people of their freedom, along with their dignity. We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Mystic or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although he talks of oppression, he also showed that his people wont back down. In songs like Iron, Lion, Zion, War, and Keep On Moving he sings that one day blacks, and people in general, all over the world will continue to fight until they reach their goal of total freedom. Marley envisioned a world where all would be equal. He dreamed of a world of both political and spiritual unity. He asks for his people in Africa to unite to fight off oppression in Africa Unite. Marley keeps an optimistic outlook on the world in Time Will Tell. He says that one day all children will live together in harmony and the blacks plucked from Africa will be returned to their homeland. The CD, although filled with complex political and spiritual topics, displays the talents of Bob Marley to the fullest. With mixture of fast beats, the blaring sounds of trumpets and calypsos, Marley is able to send a message without overpowering the listener with his political views. No wonder that Marley has served as a model for all striving to achieve peace and unity in the world. His combination of utter wisdom and musical talent produced a sound that is soothing to any ear

Society And Its Influence On Conventionality Essays - Empiricists

Society And It's Influence On Conventionality Essay Conventional and Sterile Tuesday Nov. 07, 2000 It is my understanding that people grow up in a society of conventional and sterile ways of life. Some societies have a tendency to raise people to be similar in their way of thinking. People are educated to have the same morals, beliefs (within their own culture), and, or opportunities at an education. The ways in which these people are raised does not give a chance for independent thinking, and creativity. My idea of societies being Conventional and sterile, is the way that society has influence people, from they day they were born. Society has a tendency to make people like robots, trapped from independent thought. People who often wear different clothes, and who have piercing and tattoos, often stand out from the rest of society. Older generations may frown upon these ways of expression, simply because they were taught to think conservatively from the time they were born. I agree with the statement, From childhood upwards, everything is done to make minds of men and women convent ional and sterile. From the time everyone starts school, children are put into grades were everyone is at the same level of learning, and with people of the same age. The state is justified in insisting that children shall be educated (Essay- Thought and Style, p.141). Russell explains that society's beliefs linger on the idea that education is important. Children are expected to get good grades by every parent and a child who do not do well in school, is seen as one who may not succeed in the future. This relates to the idea that many people in our society are rased on the same morals, and beliefs. In education, many students feel as though they are becoming sterile. They are unable to express themselves, and there are too many boundaries that do not allow them to be creative. One time I heard a teacher say, Stick to the guidelines, and nothing too fancy. This implies that people grow up having their minds conventional and sterile. People who share the same religious beliefs are taught the same concepts, and grow up believing certain ideas. As mentioned by Bertrand Russell, Any questioning of the received opinion arouses hostility, (Essay- Thought and Style, p.140). Russell is referring to the idea of the Church against science, how society does not like change. The Catholic Church denied great innovators such as Galilao (he came up with the idea that the earth revolves around the sun), but the Church could not accept this idea. People cannot accept new ideas because it is how they were brought up to believe. Bertrand Russell also says interests are bound up with old beliefs (p.141). People in India don't eat cows because it's against their religion. The Thugs of India honestly believe it their duty to commit murders, (p. 142). Suggesting that they have no morals and values upon which they were raised on. These kinds of religious, and cultural beliefs make people sterile and conventional. History dictates many great examples to offer this concept. To obtain a good lifestyle there are several steps which one must take in order to achieve this. Education is an important commodity to society. A good education is required for a good career. This is one of the society's methods of making people sterile, and conventional. A normal job consists of a nine to five work hours, five days a week. The term white collar, is often used. Lifestyle also effects people's opinions and ideas. There are also boarders to establish the rich, middle class, and those who live in poverty. It is an assumption of mine that people believe they are unable to break a particular life cycle, this can happen within a family. If a person is poor, and their parents did not go to university, they think the same will happen to them. Society has a great influence on the way people think. The way people dress also depicts the people's lifestyle. Fashion is a way of expression although society degrades anyone who dresses differently. Teenagers who are dressed in all black are perceived as dark and depressed. Those who dress well are

Should I Trim an Essay For a Writing Sample?

Should I Trim an Essay For a Writing Sample?Should I trim an essay for a writing sample? That is the question asked by many aspiring writers. There are some things to keep in mind when asking that question. The most important is that the essay is not just another form of writing sample and it should contain a strong argument, precise and correct grammar, spelling and punctuation, and it should make an excellent starting point.How you trim an essay for a writing sample is just one of those questions asked by inexperienced writers. After all, it's the first thing that you will ask as you move into the writing phase. A good essay may contain an element of cliche, something that doesn't really belong in a creative essay. But to a seasoned writer or copywriter, cliches are a very good sign that you're moving toward a polished work that is worth your time and consideration.For example, if you notice that the cliches are commonplace and easy to identify, you can be confident that they are h ere to stay. Clichés are often easy to spot in essays because they are so common and well known. If a company tries to present their clients in a more creative way than cliches are likely to work. The company will have better success by cutting out cliches than adding them.Another factor that determines whether a job title is suitable for a writing sample is the purpose of the writing. Is the writing going to help to market the position? This could be accomplished with some creativity. On the other hand, it could be performed using marketing lingo that is intended to sell the position.In the corporate context, a cliche is not acceptable because it doesn't add any value to the reader. In contrast, if the job title is part of a sales pitch that is intended to convince a prospective client to sign up with the firm, then a cliche is a good idea because it makes the selling approach more compelling.In addition, there are two other factors that have to be considered in trimming an essay for a writing sample: the level of quality and the audience that will be looking at the title. The last thing that a writer wants is to inadvertently trim an essay for a writing sample with bad writing and a bland job title. The title should be strong enough to stand out as something that deserves attention, but should be catchy enough that the recipient is inclined to read on.If the job title has a positive feeling to it, it's a good idea to use it as part of the essay. The job title should not be used just to give an article a title. It's usually a good idea to do that when the goal is to sell something.All in all, you should be able to tell whether you should trim an essay for a writing sample with a job title by examining the tone of the entire piece. Of course, this requires that you are familiar with the job that the writing sample is going to target. But if you have time, a little bit of thought and a little bit of practice will go a long way.